The Challenger 1 was the British Army’s main battle tank from the early 1980s until well into the 1990s, when it was replaced by the Challenger 2. Today the Challenger 1 is still in service with the Jordanian Armed Forces.
Perhaps the most important innovation introduced by the Challenger, and which has been copied by other later tanks such as the M1 Abrams, is the “Chobham” armor of ceramic “tiles” superimposed on a metallic matrix, in addition to the extraordinary hardness achieved by the ceramic, the flexibility of the armor makes it an effective method of defense against “HEAT” missiles.
The Challenger 1 has a weight of 62 tons, has a crew of 4 men, is armed with a 120mm L11A 5 rifled cannon and two 7.62mm machine guns as secondary weapons, its maximum speed is 56 km/h.
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